Risk Factors and Prognosis of Cardiovascular Damage in Hypereosinophilia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors and prognosis of cardiovascular damage in hypereosinophilia (HE).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 62 patients with HE in Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, including clinical characteristics and laboratory indicators, and the influencing factors of survival and prognosis were also analyzed.@*RESULTS@#In this study, there were 34 males and 28 females, with a median age of 53.5 (20-79) years, 35 patients without cardiovascular damage, 27 patients with cardiovascular damage, including 22 patients with abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) (81.5%), 18 patients with abnormal echocardiography (ECHO) (66.7%), 9 patients with single ECG abnormality, 5 patients with single ECHO abnormality, and other 13 patients with multiple abnormalities. In cardiovascular damage group, peripheral white blood cell count, absolute value of eosinophils, troponin T (TNT), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 levels at initial diagnosis were significantly higher than those in the non-cardiovascular damage group (P <0.01), while hemoglobin, IL-2 and interferon-γ levels were significantly lower (P <0.01). There were no significant differences in age, sex, course of disease, etiological classification, platelet count, serum creatine kinase, serum creatine kinase isoenzyme and lactate dehydrogenase between the two groups (P >0.05). The 5-year overal survival rate of patients with cardiovascular damage was 88.9%, and that of patients without cardiovascular damage was 100%, the difference was statistically significant (P =0.012). The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rate of patients with cardiovascular damage was 59.3%, and the median time was 37 (21-52) months, while that of patients without cardiovascular damage was 80%, and the median time was 63 (51-74) months (P =0.002). Age (>60 years old), course of disease (>24 months), NT-proBNP (>3 000 pg/ml), TNT (>100 ng/L), elevated IL-4 and IL-5 were associated with EFS shortening in patients with cardiovascular damage, which were independent risk factors for EFS.@*CONCLUSION@#The EFS rate in HE patients without cardiovascular damage is significantly higher than patients with cardiovascular damage. Age, course of disease, NT-proBNP, TNT, IL-4 and IL-5 are independent risk factors affecting EFS of patients with cardiovascular damage.

Application of Familial Y-STR Haplotype Mismatch Tolerance in Genealogy Inference / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To provide a guideline for genealogy inference and family lineage investigation through a study of the mismatch tolerance distribution of Y-STR loci in Chinese Han male lineage.@*METHODS@#Three Han lineages with clear genetic relationships were selected. YFiler Platinum PCR amplification Kit was used to obtain the typing data of 35 Y-STR loci in male samples. The variation of Y-STR haplotypes in generation inheritance and the mismatch tolerance at 1-7 kinship levels were statistically analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Mutations in Y-STR were family-specific with different mutation loci and numbers of mutation in different lineages. Among all the mutations, 66.03% were observed on rapidly and fast mutating loci. At 1-7 kinship levels, the number of mismatch tolerance ranged from 0 to 5 on all 35 Y-STR loci, with a maximum step size of 6. On medium and slow mutant loci, the number of mismatch tolerance ranged from 0 to 2, with a maximum step size of 3; on rapidly and fast mutant loci, the number of mismatch tolerance ranged from 0 to 3, with a maximum step size of 6.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Combined use of SNP genealogy inference and Y-STR lineage investigation, both 0 and multiple mismatch tolerance need to be considered. Family lineage with 0-3 mismatch tolerance on all 35 Y-STR loci and 0-1 mismatch tolerance on medium and slow loci can be prioritized for screening. When the number of mismatch tolerance is eligible, family lineages with long steps should be carefully excluded. Meanwhile, adding fast mutant loci should also be handled with caution.

The Influence of Serum Homocysteine Level to the Prognosis of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients and Analysis of Related Factors / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the influence of serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels to the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients, and to explore related factors affecting the prognosis of the patients.@*METHODS@#The clinical pathological data of 180 newly diagnosed MM patients treated in our hospital from March 2013 to February 2015 were collected, and the patients were divided into high and low Hcy groups based on the median Hcy. The survival curves of the patients in the two groups were drawn to compare the differences of the survival; univariate and multivariate survival analysis was used to observe the influence of serum cysteine to the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients; the clinicopathological data of the patients with high and low Hcy in the two groups was compared, Pearson test was used to further analyzes the relationship between Hcy and different factors, and explores the related factors of Hcy affecting the prognosis of the patients.@*RESULTS@#The median survival times of patients in the high and low Hcy groups were 32 (5-59) and 41 (7-71) months, respectively. The 3-year survival rate of the patients in high Hcy group was significantly lower than those in low Hcy group, and the difference shows statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of univariate survival analysis showed that the OS of newly diagnosed MM patients whom with advanced age, high bone disease grade, high-level bone marrow plasma cell count, LDH, C-reactive protein, Cr, β@*CONCLUSION@#Serum Hcy level has a correlation trend with the survival of newly diagnosed MM, which is affected by factors such as Hb.

Clinical Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating High-normal Blood Pressure / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The incidence of high-normal blood pressure gradually increased. With the popularization of basic medical knowledge， the detection rate has increased. Without intervention， high-normal blood pressure is very likely converted into hypertension， and the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases will continue to rise. Studies have shown that the blood lipids for detection of people with high-normal blood pressure， cytokines and other laboratory indicators have been changed， causing certain damage to target organs. Normal-high blood pressure people and high-blood pressure people also need to be given attention. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） believes that high-normal blood pressure has intermingled deficiency and excess， which is closely correlated to the liver， spleen and kidney. The syndrome is constantly changing and developing in the course of disease， which is affected by physical fitness， environment， age and other factors. With respect to treatment， conventional western medicine for lowering blood pressure has not yet been incorporated into the guidelines， and exercise， diet， and health education still play a major role. Studies have shown that the intervention methods with TCM characteristics are applied in addition to the improvement of lifestyle， so as to intervene in people with high-normal blood pressure， such as TCM， acupuncture， herbal tea， Baduanjin， with a significant clinical effect. These therapies can effectively reduce blood pressure， improve symptoms， regulate physique， and protect target organ damage， with a good compliance. With the advantages in preventing the disease， TCM is of far-reaching significance to prevent disease in advance， and transform high-normal blood pressure into ideal blood pressure. Based on the study on the intervention of high-normal blood pressure with TCM therapy， it was found that the sample size was small and the preciseness needed to be improved. Further research is needed due to the complicated mechanism of TCM and acupuncture. There is a lack of insufficient evidence to support the long-term efficacy and safety of TCM therapy because of the limitations in clinical study intervention and follow-up time. This article reviews the clinical research of the effect of TCM on high-normal blood pressure， in order to provide guidance and reference for clinical and subsequent research.

Effect of p-Stat3 on invasion of human gastric cancer cells / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the expression of signal transduction and activator 3 (Stat3) ,and phosphorylated Stat3 (p-Stat3) in human gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803 and BGC-823,and to explore the role of p-Stat3 in the invasion and migration of gastric cancer. Methods The expressed Stat3 and p-Stat3 in gastric cancer MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells were investigated by flow cytometry,and the migration and invasion abilities of cancer cells were observed using scratch test and in vitro Transwell test. Results Flow cytometry showed that the expression of Stat3 in MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells was basically unchanged before and after IL-6 stimulation (10 ng/mL) ,and the activated p-Stat3,however,was significantly higher after IL-6 stimulation. The activated p-Stat3 in BGC-823 cells was higher than that of MGC-803 cells (P < 0. 001) . The results of scratch tests showed that the scar healing area of BGC-823 cells was significantly larger than that of MGC-803 cells after 48 h (P = 0. 031) . Transwell cell experiments showed that the number of penetrating cells from BGC-823 cell line were significantly greater than those from MGC-803 cell line (P < 0. 001) . Conclusion Over activated p-Stat3 enhances the invasion and migration of MGC-803 and BGC-823 gastric cancer cells.

Comparison of volatile profiles and bioactive components of sun-dried Pu-erh tea leaves from ancient tea plants on Bulang Mountain measured by GC-MS and HPLC / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

To explore the volatile profiles and the contents of ten bioactive components (polyphenols and caffeine) of sun-dried Pu-erh tea leaves from ancient tea plants on Bulang Mountain, 17 samples of three tea varieties were analyzed by headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A total of 75 volatile components were tentatively identified. Laomaner (LME), Laobanzhang (LBZ), and other teas on Bulang Mountain (BL) contained 70, 53, and 71 volatile compounds, respectively. Among the volatile compounds, alcohols (30.2%–45.8%), hydrocarbons (13.7%–17.5%), and ketones (12.4%–23.4%) were qualitatively the most dominant volatile compounds in the different tea varieties. The average content of polyphenol was highest in LME (102.1 mg/g), followed by BL (98.7 mg/g) and LBZ (88.0 mg/g), while caffeine showed the opposite trend, 27.3 mg/g in LME, 33.5 mg/g in BL, and 38.1 mg/g in LBZ. Principal component analysis applied to both the volatile compounds and ten bioactive components showed a poor separation of samples according to varieties, while partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed satisfactory discrimination. Thirty-four volatile components and five bioactive compounds were selected as major discriminators (variable importance in projection (VIP) >1) among the tea varieties. These results suggest that chromatographic data combined with multivariate analysis could provide a useful technique to characterize and distinguish the sun-dried Pu-erh tea leaves from ancient tea varieties on Bulang Mountain.

Comparison of volatile profiles and bioactive components of sun-dried Pu-erh tea leaves from ancient tea plants on Bulang Mountain measured by GC-MS and HPLC / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

To explore the volatile profiles and the contents of ten bioactive components (polyphenols and caffeine) of sun-dried Pu-erh tea leaves from ancient tea plants on Bulang Mountain, 17 samples of three tea varieties were analyzed by headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A total of 75 volatile components were tentatively identified. Laomaner (LME), Laobanzhang (LBZ), and other teas on Bulang Mountain (BL) contained 70, 53, and 71 volatile compounds, respectively. Among the volatile compounds, alcohols (30.2%-45.8%), hydrocarbons (13.7%-17.5%), and ketones (12.4%-23.4%) were qualitatively the most dominant volatile compounds in the different tea varieties. The average content of polyphenol was highest in LME (102.1 mg/g), followed by BL (98.7 mg/g) and LBZ (88.0 mg/g), while caffeine showed the opposite trend, 27.3 mg/g in LME, 33.5 mg/g in BL, and 38.1 mg/g in LBZ. Principal component analysis applied to both the volatile compounds and ten bioactive components showed a poor separation of samples according to varieties, while partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed satisfactory discrimination. Thirty-four volatile components and five bioactive compounds were selected as major discriminators (variable importance in projection (VIP) >1) among the tea varieties. These results suggest that chromatographic data combined with multivariate analysis could provide a useful technique to characterize and distinguish the sun-dried Pu-erh tea leaves from ancient tea varieties on Bulang Mountain.

A Study on the Preventive Drugs for Exposure to AIDS / 昆明医科大学学报

The prevention of occupational exposure to HIV has been carried out in China for many years, and achieved remarkable results. However, the practice of preventive drugs among people with non occupational exposure has many difficulties. Although the high-risk groups show high willingness and demand, their awareness of the preventive drugs is low due to the fear of increasing unprotected sex after the use of the drug. Other factors negatively affecting the application of the drugs are the cost and the side effects. In order to provide preventive treatment on time for the high-risk groups, the awareness of non occupational exposure prophylaxis should be raised.

Positron emission tomography for molecular imaging of prostate cancer / 中华男科学杂志

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in the urinary system of males. The remarkable biological and clinical heterogeneity of prostate cancer poses challenges to the initial diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the disease. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an ideal imaging tool for noninvasive interrogation of underlying tumor biology. Recently, there are a variety of molecular imaging paths and radiopharmaceuticals for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. This article reviews the current state and prospects of the application of PET in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Primary tumor SUVmax measured on (18)F-FDG PET-CT correlates with histologic grade and pathologic stage in non-small cell lung cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the relationship between preoperative maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) measured on (18)F-FDG PET-CT and clinicopathologic parameters in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 540 patients (348 men and 192 women, mean age 60 ± 10 years) with histologically proven non-small cell lung cancer, who had undergone both preoperative (18)F-FDG PET-CT imaging and curative surgery in our institution from October 2006 to January 2013, were analyzed retrospectively in this study. Primary tumor (18)F-FDG uptake, measured as SUVmax corrected for lean body mass, was compared among different variables and correlated with tumor size, histologic grade and postoperative pathologic TNM stage. Histologic grade was categorized into three degrees, where grade I represents highly, grade II moderately and grade III poorly differentiated. Large cell carcinomas were all assessed as poorly differentiated (grade III). Pathologic stage was assigned according to the seventh AJCC TNM staging system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 344 adenocarcinomas (AC, non- BAC type), 146 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 28 bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (BAC), 10 adenosquamous carcinomas (ASC) and 12 other type carcinomas (OTC, including 6 large cell carcinomas, 5 sarcomatoid carcinomas and 1 lymphoepitheloid carcinoma); the SUVmax in ascending order was BAC (1.3 ± 1.1), AC (5.1 ± 3.4), ASC (8.5 ± 2.8), SCC (9.9 ± 4.6) and OTC (10.9 ± 5.1), respectively. There were 76 grade I, 251 grade II and 213 grade III; the SUVmax in ascending order was grade I (2.4 ± 2.2), grade II(5.9 ± 3.9), grade III (8.4 ± 4.4), respectively, and significant difference was identified among grade I, grade II and grade III (all P < 0.01). The SUV max was positively correlated with tumor size (r = 0.564, P < 0.01), histologic grade (r = 0.492, P < 0.01), T stage (r = 0.306, P < 0.01), N stage (r = 0.368, P < 0.01), and TNM stage (r = 0.437, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The preoperative SUV max of the primary tumor differed significantly among histologic types in NSCLC. There were positive correlations between SUV max and tumor size, histologic grade and pathologic stage. Our findings may suggest that a high SUVmax could be used to identify a high-risk population who would benefit most from adjuvant therapies.</p>

The application of comparative proteomic analysis to screen proteins associated with mechanical properties of engineered cartilage: a preliminary study / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study proteins correlated with the mechanical properties of engineered cartilage by screening significantly changed proteins during cartilage formation by comparative proteomic analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human chondrocyte, cultured and expanded, were seeded onto a polyglycolic acid/polylactic acid (PGA/PLA) scaffolds. After 4 weeks of culture in vitro, the constructs were divided into three groups. There were 6 specimens in each group. For the regular in vitro culture group (A), the constructs were kept in culture at the original condition for an additional 6 weeks. For in vivo groups, the constructs were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice for either 6 weeks (B) or 12 weeks (C). All specimens were harvested for gross observation, average wet weight and volume measurement, histology, immunohistochemistry and biomechanics to evaluate the results. Meanwhile, comparative proteomic analysis was performed for each group, and those proteins involved in extracellular matrix with at least 2 folds up-regulation were chosen for further exploration. The correlations between Young's modulus and the relative content of the selected proteins were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All these samples in the three groups eventually formed hyaline-like cartilage structure. Specimens in C and B groups were similar with adult articular cartilage in appearance, and had multiple mature lacuna in histology. However, those specimens in A group had loose texture with irregular hypertrophy lacuna. Specimens implanted for 12 weeks in vivo had better wet weight (372.5 +/- 35.4) mg and Young's modulus (8.68 +/- 2.65) MPa than those cultured in vivo for 6 weeks (346 +/- 34.5) mg, (3.25 +/- 1.24) MPa (P < 0.01). In group A, they were (184.4 +/- 12.28) mg and (0.7 +/- 0.23) MPa. This study had detected 44 proteins in ECM by comparative proteomic analysis, then chosing the greatest ratio of 6 up-regulation proteins compared between C and A groups. The correlation results indicated the content of Decorin, Chondroadherin and Fibromodulin were linear correlation with the mechanical properties of engineered cartilage (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Comparative proteomic analysis could provide large scale information of associated proteins, making it profit for advanced research on the relationship between extracellular matrix and mechanical properties of engineered cartilage by combination with tissue reconstruction techniques.</p>

Correlation of ¹⁸F-FDG uptake with tumor-proliferating antigen Ki-67 expression in aggressive lymphoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation between ¹⁸F-FDG uptake in positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging and tumor-proliferating antigen Ki-67 expression in aggressive lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data of ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT imaging and immunohistochemical detection of Ki-67 expression of seventy-seven cases with initially diagnosed aggressive lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed. The intensity of ¹⁸F-FDG accumulation was determined by calculating the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and average standardized uptake value (SUVave). The average SUV at biopsy site (BxSUVave), SUVmax at biopsy site (BxSUVmax) and SUVmax at the highest tumor activity site of the body (BmSUVmax) were collected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The BmSUVmax, BxSUVmax, and BxSUVave were 13.4 ± 6.8, 11.9 ± 6.8 and 7.3 ± 4.4, respectively,and Ki-67 was (61.2 ± 20.4)% in the 77 aggressive lymphomas. The BmSUVmax was significantly higher than the BxSUVmax or BxSUVave (P < 0.05). The BmSUVmax, BxSUVmax and BxSUVave were positively correlated with the Ki-67 expression in aggressive lymphoma (P < 0.05). A positive correlation was revealed between the BxSUVmax and BmSUVmax (P < 0.05), and between the BxSUVmax and BxSUVave (P < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between the BmSUVmax or BxSUVmax and the Ki-67 in DLBCL (P > 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between the BmSUVmax or BxSUVmax and the Ki-67 expression in NK/T cell lymphoma (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The increasing trend of ¹⁸F-FDG uptake is correlated with the Ki-67 expression in aggressive lymphoma. The results of this study suggest that the metabolic information obtained by using BmSUVmax may help to compensate the limited sampling of histological examination at the biopsy site. Significant correlation in NK/T cell lymphoma suggests that the metabolic information from positron emission tomography-computed tomography may offer a useful parameter in the prognosis and management of this disease.</p>

Characteristic gene expression profiles in the progression from normal gastric epithelial cells to moderate gastric epithelial dysplasia and to gastric cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Gastric cancer ranks high among the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. This study was designed to explore key genes involved in the progression of normal gastric epithelial cells to moderate gastric epithelial dysplasia (mGED) and to gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve pairs of mGED tissues, gastric cancer tissues, and normal gastric tissues were collected by gastroscopy. Total RNA was then extracted and purified. After the addition of fluorescent tags, hybridization was carried out on a Gene chip microarray slide. Significance analysis of microarrays was performed to determine significant differences in gene expression between the different tissue types.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Microarray data analysis revealed totally 34 genes that were expressed differently: 18 highly expressed (fold change > 2; P < 0.01) and 16 down-regulated (fold change > 2; P < 0.01). Of the 34 genes, 24 belonged to several different functional categories such as structural molecule activity, extracellular regions, structural formation, cell death, biological adhesion, developmental processes, locomotion, and biological regulation that were associated with cancer. The remaining 10 genes were not involved in cancer research. Of these genes, the expression levels of Matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP12), Caspase-associated recruitment domain 14 (CARD14), and Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) were confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. A two-way clustering algorithm divided the 36 samples into three categories and the overall correct classification efficiency was 80.6% (29/36). Almost all of these genes (31/34) showed constant changes in the process of normal gastric epithelial cells to mGED to gastric cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results of this study provided global gene expression profiles during the development and progression from normal gastric epithelial cells to mGED to gastric cancer. These data may provide new insights into the molecular pathology of gastric cancer which may be useful for the detection, diagnosis, and treatment.</p>

Influence of in vivo or vitro microenvironment on the mechanical properties and histological structure of tissue engineered cartilage / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of in vivo or vitro microenvironment on the mechanical properties and histological structure of tissue engineered cartilage, and to provide the appropriate parameters for cartilage construct in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human fetal articular chondrocytes were cultured and expanded in vitro, the passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded at the density of 6 x 10(7) cells/cm3 to cylindric dimensional scaffolds made by polyglycolic acid (PGA) and polylactic acid (PLA). These constructs were cultured in vitro for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, part of samples were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice for 6 and 12 weeks, the others continued to be cultured in vitro. All specimens were harvested after 6 and 12 weeks, and evaluated by gross observation, histology, histochemistry, ultrastructure and mechanical test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All specimens in vivo and vitro eventually formed good shape hyaline cartilage. The constructs in vivo group was white color with smooth surface, and had better mechanical properties than those in vitro, by TEM we can observe the thick and striated collagen fibers in regularly arranged collagen fibril which was similar to adult articular cartilage. The constructs in vitro group was yellow color with coarse surface, the appearance and ultrastructure was similar to fetal articular cartilage. Specimens implanted for 12 weeks in vivo had better compressive modulus(38.28 +/- 3.95) MPa and collagen diameter (41.58 +/- 2.78) nm than those cultured in vitro at the same time (4.12 +/- 0.63) MPa, (15.83 +/- 1.70) nm (P < 0. 01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The structure and function of human tissue engineered cartilage became mature gradually from vitro to vivo, thick and striated collagen fibrils net similar to adult articular cartilage can be formed in constructs of vivo group,increased collagen cross-linking might be the reason that their mechanical properties been greatly improved.</p>

The study on protective effect of sphingosine-1-phosphate in cardiomyocytes / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mechanism of protective effect of Sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P) in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes dining simulated hypoxia/reoxygenation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>On the basis of culturing neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, the model of hypoxia-reoxygennation was built by using method of Liquid Paraffin covering, the impact of S1P on apoptosis and p-Akt and mitochondrial membrane potential were studied by using method of Propidine Iodide staining and Western blot and Bhodanmine123 staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SiP could reduce apoptosis rate (P < 0.01) and stabilize the mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.05) and improved the level of p-Akt1 (P < 0.01) in hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes significantly. But wonnannin could block these effects of S1P partially.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SiP can obviously restrain apoptosis in curtured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes during simulated hypoxia/reoxygenation. Stabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential by P13K-AM signaling pathway is likely to play a role in protective action of S1P.</p>

Polymorphism of 17 short tandem repeat Loci of Tibetan minority ethnic group from Lhasa / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the polymorphism of 17 short tandem repeat (STR) loci of Tibetan minority ethnic group from Lhasa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples were obtained from 132 unrelated Tibetan individuals from Lhasa. DNA templates were screened by home-made AGCU17+1 kit and 3130XL genetic analyzer. Genotyping was performed using GeneMapper software (version 3.2).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The allele frequencies of 17 STR loci ranged 0.0038-0.5720, and the power of discrimination ranged 0.779-0.979, the power of exclusion ranged 0.327-0.737, the polymorphism information contents ranged 0.538-0.910, and the heterozygosity ranged 0.629-0.871. The cumulative coupling probability was 3.93 × 10(-20), and the cumulative power of exclusion was 0.9999995234. Of 17 STR loci, Penta E and D6S1043 had the highest polymorphism indicators, while TPOX had the lowest.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 17 STR loci used in this study are highly polymorphism in Tibetan minority ethnic group from Lhasa and fit for the population genetic study and forensic cases.</p>

Effects of pravastatin on the proliferation and invasion of human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cell line / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of pravastatin on the proliferation and invasion of human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The effects of pravastatin on the proliferation, migration and invasion of HepG2 cells was observed by MTT assay, Boyden chamber assay and motility assay. p38 activity was measured, and the expression of p-p38, MKP-1, RhoC and MMP-2 was analyzed by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pravastatin inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells. The intracellular p38 activity and expressions of p-p38, RhoC and MMP-2 were decreased, while MKP-1 expression was elevated in pravastatin treated cells. In addition, pravastatin inhibited the invasion and motility.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pravastatin can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of HepG2 cells.</p>

Repair of calvarial defects with human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells and demineralized bone matrix in athymic rats / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of using human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) scaffolds to repair critical-sized calvarial defects in athymic rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human UCB-MSCs were isolated, expanded and osteogenically induced in vitro. Osteogenic differentiation of UCB-MSCs was evaluated by Alizarin Red staining and measurement of calcium content respectively, and then the cells were seeded onto DBM scaffolds. Bilateral full-thickness defects (5 mm in diameter) of parietal bone were created in an athymic rat model. The defects were either repaired with UCB-MSC/DBM constructs (experimental group) or with DBM scaffolds alone (control group). Animals were harvested at 6 and 12 weeks post-implantation respectively, and defect repair was evaluated with gross observation, micro-CT measurement and histological analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Micro-CT showed that new bone was formed in the experimental group at 6 weeks post-implantation, while no sign of new bone formation was observed in the control group. At 12 weeks post-transplantation, scaffolds had been degraded almost completely in both sides. It was shown that an average of (78.19 +/- 6.45)% of each defect volume had been repaired in experimental side; while in the control side, only limited bone formed at the periphery of the defect. Histological examination revealed that the defect was repaired by trabecular bone tissue in experimental side at 12 weeks, while only fibrous connection was observed in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Tissue-engineered bone composed of osteogenically-induced human UCB-MSCs on DBM scaffolds could successfully repair the critical-sized calvarial defects in athymic rat models.</p>

Residual undifferentiated embryonic stem cells in embryoid bodies / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To explore the residual undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in embryoid bodies. Methods Mouse R1 and Oct-4-GFP transgenic ESCs were firstly cultured in suspension to form embryoid bodies (EBs). Twenty days later, EBs were digested into single cells and then re-plated in standard ESC culture condition. The morphology of residual undifferentiated cells in EBs was observed, and surface makers and in vitro redifferentiation potency of residual cells were examined by flow cytometry and immunofluoreseent staining. The residual cells were expanded and subcutaneously injected into nude mice, and the specimens were harvested from the injection site for histological analysis 6 weeks after injection. Results There were residual undifferentiated ESCs in EBs differentiated for 20 days, which displayed clonal morphology and expressed undifferentiated cell markers of ESCs, including SSEA1, CD31, CD9 and Oct-4. The cells could be differentiated to form EBs again, and could be re-expanded from secondary EBs. The residual cells were able to form teratoma at the injection site, and mature endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm tissues could be found in teratoma tissues. Conclusion There are residual undifferentiated ESCs after differentiation of ESCs into EBs. The residual ESCs can differentiate again in vitro and in vivo, and can residue again in the in vitro differentiation.

The effects of Sphing-1-phosphate(S1P) on the potassium channel of the ventricular myocytes / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the effect of Sphingosine-1-phosphate on the delayed rectifier potassium current (IK) and the inward rectifier potassium current (IK1) of guinea pig isolated ventricular myocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Whole cell patch clamp technique was applied to record the delayed rectifier potassium current and the delayed rectifier potassium current of guinea pig isolated ventricular myocytes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) IK of S1P (1.1 micromol/L) decreased from (1.2 +/- 0.26)nA to (0.95 +/- 0.23)nA. While IK of S1P (2.2 micromol/L) decreased from (1.43 +/- 0.31)nA to (1.02 +/- 0.28)nA. There was significant difference compared to control group (P < 0.01, n = 6). The IK peak value was decreased from (1.29 +/- 0.26) nA to (1.26 +/- 0.37)nA at the group of S1P (1.1 micromol/L) plus suramin (200 micromol/L) and showed no significant difference compared to control group (P > 0.05, n = 6). (2) IK1 of S1P (1.1 micromol/L) decreased from (-8.94 +/- 2.01)nA to (-8.81 = 1.55)nA. While IK of S1P (2.2 micromol/L) decreased from (-8.86 +/- 1.59)nA to (-8.55 +/- 1.39)nA. There was no significant difference compared to control group (P > 0.05, n = 6).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>S1P inhibits delayed rectifier potassium current of ventricular myocyte in guinea pig remarkably, S1P shows no effects on delayed rectifier potassium current of ventricular myocyte in guinea pig.</p>